Head-Down 303 — Fly the diving slot on a head-down big-way
version 2026-09-27
Prerequisites
What you’re learning
You’ll learn to fly a diver slot on a head-down big-way, from the exit stack to a stopped dive and a dock from below. Head-Down 302 comes first, because a diver finishes on the same approach a float flies. The organiser runs the jump (Head-Down 401), and this is your job inside it.
In Australia, head-down jumps of more than 3 people need a Freefly Crest (Head-Down), and jumps of more than 10 also need a Star Crest.
The dive
A diver arrives from above, through airspace the floats stay out of. Driving over the top of the base puts you in the far side’s airspace, where other divers are arriving.
- Walk the exit stack in the mock-up, then dirt-dive your exit, dive line, dock and breakoff radial at least twice.
- Exit on the briefed count, rotating out facing the prop.
- Get head-down straight away, high and up jump run of the base, with the relative wind on your back and your eyes on the base.
- Dive to a point beside and below the formation, and stop the dive there.
- Approach from below on the inverse stadium, with the same final move, grips and arms as in Head-Down 302.
- Adjust your dive line to stay clear of the other divers.
AXIS covers big-way approaches, with a video.
Breakoff:
- With others: break off with your wave at the briefed altitude, whether or not the formation is complete. Leaving late puts you in the next wave’s air. Turn onto your radial and track the fan-out arc, shading away from jump run if that was briefed. Check the air before you deploy, and barrel roll to look only if you can do it smoothly.
If you’re directly above another jumper, deploy. Trying to out-track them keeps you over them for longer. Fly the briefed canopy separation and landing order. More in Improving the breakoff.
Stopping range
Gravity gives every diver the closing speed they need, whatever they weigh, and a lighter flyer can stop the dive at the base without overshooting or sinking low. A heavy flyer has a shorter stopping range, so lighter flyers usually take the dive and heavy flyers the floats of a fast base.
Late divers
Later exiters have the most height to build closing speed. If you’re late, aim at the front of the formation. An overshoot from the front carries you past the build. An overshoot from over the top carries you into it.
From above you can’t see that the base is flying slower than usual, and at high closing speed the moment to abort lasts under a second, so brief the planned pace on the ground.
At Skydive Byron Bay on 14 January 2021, the leader of an 18-way flew a milder pace than usual. A late diver set up for the usual pace came in hot and knocked Mark Lucchiari unconscious. His AAD fired at 750 ft. The film IMPACT tells the story first-hand.
Useful drills
- Docks: practising docks in the tunnel
Common mistakes
| What happens | Usual causes | Check |
|---|---|---|
| A fast base outruns you | Light diver flattening the dive to go further | Dive steeper. A flatter, longer dive uses up your stopping range |
| You can’t stop the dive | Heavy diver, too fast a dive, diving at the formation | Let the dock go, and set up a safe, low deployment clear of everyone |
| You arrive hot as a late diver | Set up for the usual pace, aimed at the middle or the top | Aim at the front, and know the planned pace before you board |
| You float up as you dock | Reaching for the grip | Fly your body to the grip, arms still |
If you lose the slot or become unstable, back out below and clear, recover to back-fly, in the recovery position, if you need it, and approach again once stable. Recovering upward takes you through the divers’ airspace.
On a 9-way carving jump, a jumper went low, floated back up into the formation and was knocked unconscious, and the leg straps slid behind the knees. The organiser deployed for them, and they landed with a C6/C7 fracture. The leg-strap bungee in the Freefly 100 gear check holds the straps on your thighs, even if you’re unconscious.
Staying safe
Before the jump:
- Gear check and audibles are in Freefly 100. Check your currency against the organiser’s entry criteria.
- Know your slot, place in the stack, breakoff wave and altitude, radial and deployment altitude from the organiser’s brief.
- Set your audible to your own wave and check it works. Two are recommended, because one can fail without you knowing.
When you’ve got it
After each jump, call each approach on the video clean, corrected or aborted, and log the slot, any dive-line fault and its fix.
You’ve finished Head-Down 303 when you fly consecutive jumps that meet everything on the coach’s checklist below.
Next
Head-Down 304: Fly base on a head-down big-way.
For coaches: the checklist, assessment conditions and coaching priorities
The checklist
1. Plan the jump
- 1.1
- State own diver slot, dive order, approach lane and grips from the organiser's brief.
- 1.2
- Confirm own position in the staggered stack.
- 1.3
- Confirm own currency and qualifications against the organiser's entry criteria and the local entry requirements.
- 1.4
- State own breakoff wave, altitude, radial and deployment altitude (the organiser owns the breakoff design, see FFP-HD401).
2. Prepare
- 2.1
- Complete a freefly-specific gear check (handles, hand-deploy pouch, riser covers, closing loop, helmet, audible set to own wave and functioning).
- 2.2
- Walk the exit stack in the mock-up (divers staggered down the aisle).
- 2.3
- Dirt-dive own exit rotation, dive line, dock and breakoff radial at least twice.
3. Perform
- 3.1
- Exit from the staggered stack on the briefed count, rotating out facing the prop, without contacting the aircraft or another jumper.
- 3.2
- Establish the post-exit picture head-down, high and up jump run of the base, wind on the back, eyes on the base.
- 3.3
- Dive to a point to the side of and below the formation, not at it, arresting the dive before the approach.
- 3.4
- Aim a late dive at the front of the formation, never over the top, so any overshoot carries clear of the build rather than into it.
- 3.5
- Fly the inverse-stadium approach from below, arriving at a point below the base with the same grips as a float.
- 3.6
- Make the final move from 2–3 head-levels below, flying the whole body to the grip without reaching.
- 3.7
- Sting, dock or break in with the briefed grips, gentle pressure, without destabilising the formation.
- 3.8
- Adjust own dive line to stay clear of converging diver trajectories while holding the slot.
- 3.9
- Recover or abort on any instability or lost slot, back out below and clear, re-approaching only when stable; never recover over the top.
4. Complete
- 4.1
- Initiate breakoff with own wave at the briefed altitude (within −0/+300 ft), regardless of formation completeness.
- 4.2
- Turn onto the assigned radial and track the fan-out arc, shading away from jump run if briefed.
- 4.3
- Deploy at own wave's briefed altitude after checking airspace (barrel roll only if smooth; if directly above another jumper, deploy rather than out-track).
- 4.4
- Fly the briefed canopy separation and landing order.
5. Review
- 5.1
- Debrief own diver slot against video, classifying each approach as clean, corrected or aborted.
- 5.2
- Identify own dive-line faults (diving at the formation, overshoot, late power-up) and their correction.
- 5.3
- Write the jump up naming the unit and slot (e.g. "HD303, diver slot, wave-1 breakoff"), the results and the next objective.
Criteria in bold are safety-critical: they protect the flyer and everyone else in the formation. A diver who drives over the top or can’t stop the dive puts the whole build at risk. A coach should not sign off the course while a bold criterion is Not Yet Satisfactory, however good the rest of the flying. Outside a course they are strongly recommended practice. Regulation stays with your federation and your drop zone.
Assessment conditions
- Sky only, on organised head-down big-ways, 6-way minimum (recommended), with some jumps at 10-way or larger.
- A real group is needed. No criterion in parts 3 or 4 can be shown on a jump on your own or in the tunnel.
- Exit altitude 10,000 ft minimum (recommended), higher for big-ways.
- Outside video is the most useful diver debrief. Where none is practical, the organiser’s observation and other jumpers’ footage can carry the debrief, with the flyer identifiable.
- Equipment: a visual altimeter, a working audible (two recommended, set to the flyer’s wave), an AAD (highly recommended) and freefly-suitable gear.
- The assessor is an experienced head-down big-way organiser, or a freefly coach current in the discipline, using this checklist.
- Each criterion is marked Satisfactory or Not Yet Satisfactory. Finishing the course is recorded as a milestone.
- As a guide, it takes about 8 organised head-down big-ways in a diver slot, 6-way or larger, some at 10-way or larger, across at least two events or days.
- The tunnel can drill the dock. The dive needs the sky.
- If you already dive on big-ways, bring your logbook, video and a word from an organiser, and fly one jump assessed against the checklist.
Coaching priorities
Safety first, then fun, then learning. Hold the bold criteria to the standard above: a diver never drives over the top to save a dock. Debrief a broken-off dive or a safe, low deployment as the right decision. Sort approaches as clean, corrected or aborted without blame, and end each debrief on something that went well, with one focus for the next jump. Teach the leg-strap bungee check with the carving-collision case behind it.
Where this comes from
- The Freefly Project’s coaching doctrine: diver exit positioning, the dive to a point beside and below, the inverse-stadium approach, diver weight and stopping range, and aiming a late dive at the front.
- IMPACT, a film directed by Patrick Dunne (2022), and Mark Lucchiari’s first-person account in Skydive Mag: the Byron Bay late-diver collision.
- Australian Skydiver Magazine, issue 71: the 9-way carving collision, the C6/C7 injury and the leg-strap finding.
- APF Freefly and Angles Guide (APF006): the airspace check before deployment, and deploying when directly above another jumper (§3.2–3.3).
- APF Operational Regulations (V01-2026), as jurisdictional context.
Regulations where you jump
Regulations change, so each rule is given as context for where you jump. Follow your federation and your drop zone.
- Australia (APF). Head-down jumps of more than 3 parachutists need a Freefly Crest, Head-Down (OR 9.2.2). Jumps of more than 10 also need a Star Crest (OR 9.1.3).
- Separate at least 1,000 ft above deployment altitude (OR 9.1.4). A functioning audible altimeter is mandatory on every freefly descent (OR 9.2.3).
- The assessor in Australia is an APF Freefly Coach. Elsewhere, the national or drop zone equivalent.
Acronym key. APF, Australian Parachute Federation. OR, the APF Operational Regulations.
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The coaching priority order
Safety → Fun → Learning
Every course, briefing card and debrief on this site is built in this order. When two of them pull against each other on the day, keep safety ahead of fun, and fun ahead of getting through the course.
- 01 Safety
Safety comes first on every jump. Nothing further down this list is worth a safety risk.
- 02 Fun
Skydiving costs a lot. A jump you enjoy brings you back for the next coached one, and coached jumps are where the safety habits are practised.
- 03 Learning
The skills each course teaches. They stick best after a jump that was safe and fun, because you keep practising what you enjoy.